The benefits for the parent club are massive if it is really considered. Players that are loaned out are usually those that are not currently involved in the first-team. This may be because they are young and not currently ready for first-team action or because they are older experienced players that are just not in favour. Now to take the example of the latter category for a Premier League club then they would not be able to use them if they are not currently within the 25 man squad. So the options are down to sell the player, allow the player to play reserve team football or loan them out. Sticking with the assumption we are dealing with Premier League clubs, if the player comes under the youth category then he is likely to be exempt from the 25 man squad (he can still play in the first-team despite not being in squad, provided he is 21 or under). However, if we assume he is not ready then he simply will not get a look in. But let’s also assume he is highly rated, so they won’t want to sell. The options are left to reserve/youth football or to loan them out.
深层次考虑你会发现:'母俱乐部'的收益是非常大的.外租球员通常是那些没能进入一线队的球员,这可能是因为他们还很年轻,目前还未代表一线队上场或许是因为他们是有经验但是年纪大的球员,对于'母俱乐部'的发展没实质性的帮助.现在以英超范围内的俱乐部为例,如果他们没在25人阵容当中,'母俱乐部'就没办法使用他们.所以只好选择出售球员、让他们去预备队或者进行外租。继续以英超联赛的俱乐部为例：如果球员属于年轻球员的范畴，那么他们很可能被排除在25人名单之外（尽管不在一线队内，仍可以给他们提供U21及以下级别的比赛）。我们假设：如果球员自己不争气的话，俱乐部会对他置若罔闻。反之，如果他表现了高水平，‘亩俱乐部’就不会想要卖掉他。可以选择把他留在预备队/青训营或者外租。


Now in general a loan spell is likely to be far more valuable than reserve/youth football and will give a far clearer indication to the actual ability of the player. It is also far better for the player to be playing with established first-team players than other young or fringe players.
现在一般的球员外租对于预备队和青年队来说更有价值，这也将意味着球员能够得到长远而实际的能力锻炼。这也是目前处理一线队的边缘球员或者年轻人的好方法。

Therefore we have established why the Premier League parent club would want to loan a player. Now, for a youth player the obvious benefit is to get some much needed first-team experience into the player. Which of course will be vital for the player’s development – but at this stage the parent club is taking none of the risk. Any mistakes that could be made will be at the club he is on loan to. Now, if we assume he goes onto be a big success and his value sky rockets then the parent club would be able to sell for millions. However, a lot of the reason behind that is the time he spent out on loan – so is it really fair that they get no reward from it? Sadly, probably yes – because they never owned the player.
因此，我们就能明白为什么英超联赛里的‘母俱乐部’喜欢外租球员了。现在对于一名年轻球员来说最重要的是能够得到一线队的比赛经验，这对于球员的发展来说非常重要——而且这对于‘母俱乐部’来说几乎没有风险。任何错误都可以归咎到球员的受租俱乐部头上。假如外租球员在外边取得了巨大成功，那么‘母俱乐部’就能把他卖个好价钱。然而在球员外租期间的背后有很多原因——外租球员是否得到了公平对待？是否从那里得到了回报？可悲的是也许受租俱乐部从未使用过外租球员。

If the player is more experienced then the parent club will still benefit – even though there is not so much scope for the value to increase. But vital match fitness can be gained – which may be particularly important if the player has recently recovered from injury. But in general the parent club could benefit more for experienced players due to the likely higher loan fee and possible higher wage contribution.
如果外租球员变得更富有经验对于‘母俱乐部’来说仍将受益——即使没有多少但也是增值了。如果球员是刚刚伤愈复出的话，参加大赛提升状态非常重要。但是从整体上来说：‘母俱乐部’在球员的经验上和高额的租赁费用上或以更多，甚至可能高过给球员的工资。


The club bringing in loan players may gain the benefit of having the use of the player for the agreed terms of the loan and in some cases they are required in order to cover for injuries. However, in general they are a quick fix and are not really useful for long-term squad development. Some clubs have overused the loan system and this creates all sorts of problems. The biggest of these problems is the fact that the loan players will leave at least at the end of the season and will then have to be replaced. Now, if the team is developed by investing in young players then a team can be developed in a better way.
‘受租俱乐部’可以以某些约定性的条款从球员身上得利，但在某些情况下他们还要为球员的伤病负责。然而他们总能找到权宜之计，并且不会把球员纳入长期发展的阵容里。一些俱乐部过度利用’外租球员体制‘因而也产生了不少的麻烦。最大的问题就是‘外租球员’在赛季末之后就会离开，那时还不得不找替代的球员。现在如果球队发展通过投资年轻球员，到时候球队能够以更好地方式发展。

There are also problems with the use of loan players, because there can be a danger of them not feeling like proper players and even if an exceptional player is found – there may be no real hope of signing the player. Also there is the issue of the player not having the same level of affection for the club and ensuring they also give 100%. Keep in mind loan players may have mixed feelings about going out on loan and may have more to do with playing elsewhere. Also it generally is not going be good for team spirit to have a loan player that believes him to be better than the other players at the club.
当然关于外租球员还会有很多风险，因为受租俱乐部感觉外租球员不合适，即使是特例——他们也不会希望真正地签下外租球员。同时还会有类似的问题就是外租球员可能不会像爱戴‘母俱乐部’那样来百分百地爱戴‘受租俱乐部’。外租球员将会带着复杂的感情色彩去外边踢球，到时候他的事情会非常多。而且球员外租也很影响球队的团队精神，因为他们相信外租球员不会比队内的其他球员更适合这个球队。


Now, there are exceptions with loan players and there are certainly some good ones. However, in general loan deals are far more beneficial for the parent club and in the long-term they will be the ones to gain. Loan deals will continue to happen and they should be used carefully to cover for injuries and add that little bit of extra quality but not to build a squad around.
其实现在也有很多外租球员的特例，他们做地非常棒。然而，一般的球员长期外租交易对于‘母俱乐部’的长远利益来说是非常划算的。‘外租协议’继续生效，而且‘母俱乐部’告诉‘受租俱乐部’善待球员避免伤病，提高外租球员的能力而非‘同化’我们的外租球员。（最后半句不叫准，求指点！）


居然吞我楼
来源：http://www.footballfancast.com/2011/06/football-blogs/why-the-loan-market-certainly-has-its-benefits-for-some