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Half Moon 17th Century Galleon 1:50 Scale
In 1609, the English captain, Henry Hudson aboard the Half Moon was trying to find a North-West passage to Asia when he discovered a bay into which a river 500 km long drained. After sailing up the river, Hudson took possession in the name of the Dutch government, baptising it the North or Maurice River in honour of the Prince of Nassau.
In 1609, the English captain, Henry Hudson aboard the Half Moon was trying to find a North-West passage to Asia when he discovered a bay into which a river 500 km long drained. After sailing up the river, Hudson took possession in the name of the Dutch government, baptising it the North or Maurice River in honour of the Prince of Nassau.
HMS Bellona 74 Gun Ship 1:100 Scale
The H.M.S. Bellona was one of the most famous 74-gun ships of the British Navy. The Bellona, launched on 19 February 1760, sailed to join the battlefleet which was then blockading Brest. On 30 December 1780 the Bellona took part in the capture of the 44-gun Dutch ship Princess Caroline; then she cruised off Gibraltar, in the North Sea and the West Indies.
The H.M.S. Bellona was one of the most famous 74-gun ships of the British Navy. The Bellona, launched on 19 February 1760, sailed to join the battlefleet which was then blockading Brest. On 30 December 1780 the Bellona took part in the capture of the 44-gun Dutch ship Princess Caroline; then she cruised off Gibraltar, in the North Sea and the West Indies.
HMS Greyhound 20 Gun Frigate 1720 1:100 Scale
The Greyhound was a frigate with 20 cannons designed by Stacey, launched from the Deptford shipyard on February 13, 1720. Little is known of its seafaring history, it seems that together with other very similar ships, it was used in the Mediterranean to fight the pirates that plagued the coasts. The results were disappointing because the pirate ships were very agile, and armed with 4-6 cannons in the bow, and confronted the frigates head-on and prevailed.
The Greyhound was a frigate with 20 cannons designed by Stacey, launched from the Deptford shipyard on February 13, 1720. Little is known of its seafaring history, it seems that together with other very similar ships, it was used in the Mediterranean to fight the pirates that plagued the coasts. The results were disappointing because the pirate ships were very agile, and armed with 4-6 cannons in the bow, and confronted the frigates head-on and prevailed.
HMS Neptune 58 Gun Warship 1:90 Scale
The Neptune, reconstructed on the basis of original shipyard models perfectly preserved in the Greenwich Naval Museum, represents a 3rd class vessel (55/60 canons), which took part in the battle at La Hougue on 2 June 1692, where the English fleet commanded by Admiral Rooke, defeated the French fleet commanded by Admiral Tourville.
The Neptune, reconstructed on the basis of original shipyard models perfectly preserved in the Greenwich Naval Museum, represents a 3rd class vessel (55/60 canons), which took part in the battle at La Hougue on 2 June 1692, where the English fleet commanded by Admiral Rooke, defeated the French fleet commanded by Admiral Tourville.
HMS Victory 1:98 Scale
The flagship H.M.S. Victory is famous because of one of the most celebrated naval battles of modern times, fought off Cape Trafalgar on 21 October 1805 between the British fleet commanded by Admiral Nelson and the Franco-Spanish fleet. Accurately restored in its equipment and the original colours, the Victory is now a museum moored in the dry-dock at Portsmouth.
The flagship H.M.S. Victory is famous because of one of the most celebrated naval battles of modern times, fought off Cape Trafalgar on 21 October 1805 between the British fleet commanded by Admiral Nelson and the Franco-Spanish fleet. Accurately restored in its equipment and the original colours, the Victory is now a museum moored in the dry-dock at Portsmouth.
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简易修理的原理很简单。只要理解了当时攻击手段就不难理解修理方式了。
我们之前已经讨论过风帆时代海军舰载火炮的威力。普遍的认识是，那个时候火炮的射速低，威力小。再加上海上风与浪的影响。这种射击的声音，光效的效果更胜过它实际产生的杀伤力。统计上标明，每20发命中一发已经是相当不错的准度了。我们忽略距离在200米以上的射击（因为进行弹道推算来讲，200米以外的射击很多都无法击中敌舰，无论是水线上，还是水线下），直接考虑在两舰相聚100米左右的抵近射击的情况。
那么进行弹道推算来讲，很多炮弹会直接命中对方的炮门。这种攻击产生的对敌舰本身的伤害几乎没有。它的目的只在于打垮对方的火炮，减小地方的抵抗能力。往往进行这种打法的时候会同时攻击对方的风帆。将对手至于不能动又不能还手的绝对劣势，在接舷之前给予尽量多的打击。 减少接舷的损失。
但是在需要以击沉敌舰为目标的攻击中，指挥官和炮手往往会调低炮口，对准对方吃水线攻击。 因为造船术上，吃水线又往往是龙骨横圈所在，对准这个地方，如果能击垮敌舰的龙骨，则是最好的结果，这意味着对方将无法进行很有效的修复。 但是考虑到波浪的影响，即使无法集中龙骨，命中龙骨下部的侧板也达到了预计效果，那就是——使敌舰进水。
这样就不难理解战时修理的原则——减少进水。
大约在16世纪以后，西方人开始使用中国发明的水密隔舱。也就是当一部分船体进水的时候，关闭这个相应的隔舱，以保持其他舱室不进水来提供船体必须的浮力。这对战时修理的有效性给予了极大的保证。
一旦一个或几个舱室的侧板被击穿。有经验的船工会立即使用备用木板和碎布条等等尝试在侧板里面重新封一层船板，来补上这个缺口。如果这无法做到，那么就会绕舱室将这个舱封闭起来。但通常是不会出现这种情况的。因为如果真的这样，那就意味这战舰的航速会急剧下降，继而陷入被动挨打的地位。所以船工会在侧板被击穿的时候尽快，全力的抢修加固侧板。动用隔舱则是下下之策。
当然说到这里，我们不能不再回到对火炮的讨论上来说明一点——那就是当时的火炮无法造成巨大的船体裂口。这是能进行战时修理的前提。
我们之前已经讨论过风帆时代海军舰载火炮的威力。普遍的认识是，那个时候火炮的射速低，威力小。再加上海上风与浪的影响。这种射击的声音，光效的效果更胜过它实际产生的杀伤力。统计上标明，每20发命中一发已经是相当不错的准度了。我们忽略距离在200米以上的射击（因为进行弹道推算来讲，200米以外的射击很多都无法击中敌舰，无论是水线上，还是水线下），直接考虑在两舰相聚100米左右的抵近射击的情况。
那么进行弹道推算来讲，很多炮弹会直接命中对方的炮门。这种攻击产生的对敌舰本身的伤害几乎没有。它的目的只在于打垮对方的火炮，减小地方的抵抗能力。往往进行这种打法的时候会同时攻击对方的风帆。将对手至于不能动又不能还手的绝对劣势，在接舷之前给予尽量多的打击。 减少接舷的损失。
但是在需要以击沉敌舰为目标的攻击中，指挥官和炮手往往会调低炮口，对准对方吃水线攻击。 因为造船术上，吃水线又往往是龙骨横圈所在，对准这个地方，如果能击垮敌舰的龙骨，则是最好的结果，这意味着对方将无法进行很有效的修复。 但是考虑到波浪的影响，即使无法集中龙骨，命中龙骨下部的侧板也达到了预计效果，那就是——使敌舰进水。
这样就不难理解战时修理的原则——减少进水。
大约在16世纪以后，西方人开始使用中国发明的水密隔舱。也就是当一部分船体进水的时候，关闭这个相应的隔舱，以保持其他舱室不进水来提供船体必须的浮力。这对战时修理的有效性给予了极大的保证。
一旦一个或几个舱室的侧板被击穿。有经验的船工会立即使用备用木板和碎布条等等尝试在侧板里面重新封一层船板，来补上这个缺口。如果这无法做到，那么就会绕舱室将这个舱封闭起来。但通常是不会出现这种情况的。因为如果真的这样，那就意味这战舰的航速会急剧下降，继而陷入被动挨打的地位。所以船工会在侧板被击穿的时候尽快，全力的抢修加固侧板。动用隔舱则是下下之策。
当然说到这里，我们不能不再回到对火炮的讨论上来说明一点——那就是当时的火炮无法造成巨大的船体裂口。这是能进行战时修理的前提。
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