I've found the solution. This is the step that you need to follow:
1. Extract ChromeStandaloneSetup64.exe using 7-Zip
2. Extract updater.7z from ChromeStandaloneSetup64
3. Open "ChromeStandaloneSetup64\updater\bin\Offline\{<GUID>}\{<GUID>}\<version>_chrome_installer.exe"
Tried this method and i could install chrome again without 0x12524 error
1. Extract ChromeStandaloneSetup64.exe using 7-Zip
2. Extract updater.7z from ChromeStandaloneSetup64
3. Open "ChromeStandaloneSetup64\updater\bin\Offline\{<GUID>}\{<GUID>}\<version>_chrome_installer.exe"
Tried this method and i could install chrome again without 0x12524 error