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美国历史(双语版)

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一共12集,被精分为203课,曾经是英语口语老师推荐的学习内容,单独贴出来,方便学习。


IP属地:海南来自iPhone客户端1楼2016-03-19 20:49回复
    1反抗者,新世界的建立。
    TEXT:Shiploads of businessmen and true believers are crossing the Atlantic Ocean to create a new world. May 1610. 120 years after Columbus, it's still a perilous journey. One ship, The Deliverance, carries a cargo that will change America forever.
    All hands over here. Onboard is John Rolfe, a 24 -year -old English farmer. Ambitious, self-reliant, visionary. A born entrepreneur. What takes us six hours today by plane was then a voyage of more than two months. Seven of the early adventurers out of every ten will be dead within a year.Land ahoy! But the risks are worth it. North America is the ultimate land of opportunity: A continent of vast untapped wealth, starting with the most valuable resource of all--land. What will be home to more than 300 million people lies under a blanket of forest covering nearly half the land. More than 50 billion trees. Further west, 9 millio n square miles of vast Americanwilderness.
    60 million bison roam the plains. And underground, there are rumors of gems, silver and the largest seams of gold in the world. The settlers expect nothing less than El Dorado. But what Rolfe finds at the English settlement of Jamestown, is hell on Earth. More than 500 settlers made the journey before Rolfe. “Hello?” “Hello?” Barely 60 remain. It's called "The Starving Time".


    IP属地:海南来自iPhone客户端3楼2016-03-26 20:51
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      译文:满载着商人与信徒的船只正在横渡大西洋以期建立一个新世界。1610年5月在哥伦布发现新大陆的120年后这仍是一段危险的旅程,其中的一艘"解放号"上载着一样即将永久改变美国的货物。“都来帮忙啊”。船上是24岁的英国农民约翰·罗尔夫,他有野心,有自信,有远见,是位天生的企业家。这段在今天乘飞机只需六个小时的旅程在当时却需要至少两个月。早期冒险者中,十个中有七个活不过第一年。“喂,看见陆地了”。但是,冒险是值得的,北美大陆是终极机遇之地,一块拥有大量待开发资源的大陆。首先是所有资源中最有价值的--土地。这块后来成为三亿多人家园的土地有几乎一半的面积被成片的森林覆盖着,共有超过五百亿棵树。再往西就是九百万平方英里的美洲荒原,六千万只美洲野牛在平原上狂奔。在地下,据说有钻石,白银和世界上最大的黄金矿层。移民们预期,黄金储量不亚于理想中的黄金国,但罗尔夫在英国殖民地詹姆斯敦看到的是人间地狱,在罗尔夫之前已有五百多名移民先期到达。只有六十人活了下来,当时正是"饥荒时期"。


      IP属地:海南来自iPhone客户端4楼2016-03-26 20:51
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        美国历史《我们的故事》第一集反抗者02:罗尔夫和烟草的故事(上)
        TEXT:It is called "The Starving Time".Having fed on horses and other animals.we ate boots,shoes and any other leather we came across.
        Three months before Rolfe arrives,a man is burned at the stake for killing his pregnant wife and planning to eat her.The English arrive unprepared for this new world and unwilling to perform manual labor.Instead of livestock,they've brought chemical tests for gold that they never find.And this is not their land.They build Jamestownin the middle of a Native American empire.60 starving settlers among 20,000 of the Powhatan Nation,armed with bows and arrows that are up to nine times faster to reload and fire than an English musket.They're soon enemies.Only one in ten of the original setters if left.
        John Rolfe didn't come up to plunder and leave like the others.
        He's got his own plan.There's money in tobacco, and English is addicted.He's arrived with a supply of South American tobacco seeds,but growing it is limited to the Spanish colonies.
        The Spanish control the worldwide trade.Selling tobacco seeds to foreigners is punishable by death.But John Rolf has got his hands on some.No one knows how.And in the warm,humid climate and fertile soil around the Chesapeake Bay,Rolfe's tobacco crop flourishes.The first large harvest produced by these seeds is worth more than a million dollars in today's money.The great strength of America is our people.If you wanna know what it is the defining strength of America,it is our people,our immigrant tradition,our bringing in culture from all over the world.I know what goes into making making success.And when somebody's really successful, it rarely luck.It's talent, it's brain power, it is lots of other things.Rolfe marries the daughter of the king of the Powhatan Empire.Her name become legend: Pocahontas.


        IP属地:海南来自iPhone客户端7楼2016-03-26 20:55
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          《美国简史》系本纪录片历史背景
          背景知识:约翰·罗尔夫和烟草的故事(上)
          1609年6月,在从英国前往殖民地弗吉尼亚的航程中,约翰·罗尔夫在一个天堂般的岛上做了一次计划外的、极其重要的中途停留。一场持续四天的风暴重创了许多船只,罗尔夫和他的妻子莎拉所乘的船搁浅在了百慕大群岛的一个岛屿上。第二年,当约100名遇险者建造“耐心号”和“解救号”两艘新船,以完成到詹姆斯敦的剩余航程时,莎拉生下了罗尔夫的女儿——百慕大。1610年5月,罗尔夫抵达詹姆斯敦,而他的妻女却在途中不幸去世。几年后,他为自己的种植园取名“百慕大一百”以纪念他的女儿。一些历史学家相信,在滞留百慕大期间,罗尔夫发现了烟草种子。不管是否真的在那儿获得了烟草种子,罗尔夫到达弗吉尼亚后,确实很快以极大的热情栽培起了各种烟草。仅仅几年间,他便培育出了新的多样化的烟草品种。这些烟草被用船运回英国后大受青睐,为在衰退边缘苦苦挣扎的弗吉尼亚经济打上了一针“强心剂”。罗尔夫通过成功栽培出“绿色黄金”,使这块殖民地快速成了繁荣的商业中心,为农业经济繁荣筑牢了基础,为追逐经济利益的欧洲人在弗吉尼亚扩大投资和殖民规模创造了需求。
          烟草.jpg
          “绿色黄金”
          林赛·格雷,是弗吉尼亚亨利克斯历史公园的农业专家。已在亨利克斯历史公园及米德农场博物馆栽培烟草12年的他,能够体会到当年罗尔夫在培植烟草新品种时的种种艰辛。
          从种子萌芽开始,烟草的培育就非常不易。格雷推测,罗尔夫在进行烟草培育试验时,很可能是从与西红柿幼苗一样大小的烟苗着手的。当罗尔夫耐心地照顾这些幼苗度过艰难的苗圃阶段后,他还得去解决跳甲等有害昆虫。
          作为一个烟民,罗尔夫认为当地波瓦坦部落印第安人种植的本土烟草味道过于浓烈,不能满足欧洲烟民的需求。从特立尼达、奥里诺科,也许还有西班牙获得烟草种子后,罗尔夫很可能将当地烟草与进口烟草的烟苗种在一起,它们之间近到可以相互授粉。
          格雷说,尽管并无罗尔夫在弗吉尼亚亨利克县生活的记录,但根据推测,他极有可能曾在该县的一个土地农场上进行过实验。通过实验,罗尔夫改善了烟草的一种芳香物质。与当地烟叶相比,他培育出的烟叶不仅口感更柔和、更甜,而且非常适应弗吉尼亚的生长环境。
          1614年,罗尔夫用船把他培育出来的部分作物运回了英国,很快创造了轰动一时的成功。烟草立刻成了亨利克的主要作物和出口产品。尽管被认为品质低于优质西班牙烟叶,但香醇的弗吉尼亚烟叶依然赢得了英国人、荷兰人和法国人的喜欢。
          在2004年举行的一个关于亨利克县的演讲中,丹尼斯·莫瑞博士描述了罗尔夫所作所为带来的影响。“资助成立殖民地的英国弗吉尼亚公司不断力劝殖民者‘莫让船空回,带上吾所售’。”莫瑞说。而殖民者带回的东西就包括大量烟草。
          在《亨利克历史》中,路易斯·马纳林写道:“到1619年,‘弗吉尼亚为烟草狂’。”“这是个重大突破。”莫瑞说,“因为罗尔夫为殖民提供了商业理由。在那之前,殖民只是一种军事存在。”(精彩下期继续...)


          IP属地:海南来自iPhone客户端9楼2016-03-26 20:56
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            美国历史《我们的故事》第一集反抗者04:"五月花号"与感恩节的起源(上)
            TEXT:By April 1621, their settlement is taking shape. The Mayflower returns to England.The Pilgrims are on their own in an unknown land. A great hope and inward zeal we had of laying some great foundation for the propagating and advancing the gospel of the kingdom of Christ, in those remote parts of the world. They're 19 families. Goats, chickens, pigs and dogs. They have spinning wheels, chairs, books, guns. And no way home. If you create this environment as a land of opportunity, then you're go nna attract those type of people who wanna take that risk, who
            have wanna take that gamble and who believe in a better life.
            They were heading for the Hudson River, but they've landed 200 miles further north at the beginning of winter. They have arrived in the middle of a mini ice age, temperatures 2 degrees
            colder than today. Winters are longer, growing seasons shorter. The soil is poor. Little grows. Food supplies run low. In the first three months, more than half the Pilgrims die. William Bradford is the governor of a community soon in desperate trouble. It pleased God to visit us with death daily. Disease was everywhere. The living were scarcely able to bury the dead. They died sometimes two or three a day. Of 100 and odd persons, scarce 50 remained. A t times, only six are fit enough to continue building their shelters. Susanna White's husband dies that first winter. Edward Winslow's wife perishes a month after. Within weeks, White and Winslow marry. They'll have five children. Today more than 10% of all Americans can trace their ancestry back to the Mayflower.


            IP属地:海南来自iPhone客户端13楼2016-04-03 20:16
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              美国历史《我们的故事》番外篇01:奥巴马2011感恩节演讲
              TEXT:From my family to yours, I’d like to wish you a happy Thanksgiving. Like millions of Americans, Michelle, Malia, Sasha and I will spend the day eating great food, watching a little football, and reflecting on how truly lucky we truly are.
              As Americans, each of us has our own list of things and people to be thankful for. But there are some blessings we all share.
              We’re especially grateful for the men and women who defend our country overseas. To all the service members eating Thanksgiving dinner far from your families: the American people are thinking of you today. And when you come home, we intend to make sure that we serve you as well as you’re serving America.
              We’re also grateful for the Americans who are taking time out of their holiday to serve in soup kitchens and shelters, making sure their neighbors have a hot meal and a place to stay. This sense of mutual responsibility – the idea that I am my brother’s keeper; that I am my sister’s keeper – has always been a part of what makes our country special. And it’s one of the reasons the Thanksgiving tradition has endured.
              The very first Thanksgiving was a celebration of community during a time of great hardship, and we have followed that example ever since. Even when the fate of our union was far from certain – during a Civil War, two World Wars, a Great Depression – Americans drew strength from each other. They had faith that tomorrow would be better than today.
              We’re grateful that they did. As we gather around the table, we pause to remember the pilgrims, pioneers, and patriots who helped make this country what it is. They faced impossible odds, and yet somehow, they persevered. Today, it’s our turn.
              I know that for many of you, this Thanksgiving is more difficult than most. But no matter how tough things are right now, we still give thanks for that most American of blessings, the chance to determine our own destiny. The problems we face didn’t develop overnight, and we won’t solve them overnight. But we will solve them. All it takes is for each of us to do our part.
              With all the partisanship and gridlock here in Washington, it’s easy to wonder if such unity is really possible. But think about what’s happening at this very moment: Americans from all walks of life are coming together as one people, grateful for the blessings of family, community, and country.
              If we keep that spirit alive, if we support each other, and look out for each other, and remember that we’re all in this together, then I know that we too will overcome the challenges of our time.
              So today, I’m thankful to serve as your President and Commander-and-Chief. I’m thankful that my daughters get to grow up in this great country of ours. And I’m thankful for the chance to do my part, as together, we make tomorrow better than today.
              Thanks, and have a wonderful Thanksgiving.
              美国历史4.jpg


              IP属地:海南来自iPhone客户端16楼2016-04-10 21:18
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                美国历史《我们的故事》番外篇01:奥巴马2011感恩节演讲
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                TEXT:From my family to yours, I’d like to wish you a happy Thanksgiving. Like millions of Americans, Michelle, Malia, Sasha and I will spend the day eating great food, watching a little football, and reflecting on how truly lucky we truly are.
                As Americans, each of us has our own list of things and people to be thankful for. But there are some blessings we all share.
                We’re especially grateful for the men and women who defend our country overseas. To all the service members eating Thanksgiving dinner far from your families: the American people are thinking of you today. And when you come home, we intend to make sure that we serve you as well as you’re serving America.
                We’re also grateful for the Americans who are taking time out of their holiday to serve in soup kitchens and shelters, making sure their neighbors have a hot meal and a place to stay. This sense of mutual responsibility – the idea that I am my brother’s keeper; that I am my sister’s keeper – has always been a part of what makes our country special. And it’s one of the reasons the Thanksgiving tradition has endured.
                The very first Thanksgiving was a celebration of community during a time of great hardship, and we have followed that example ever since. Even when the fate of our union was far from certain – during a Civil War, two World Wars, a Great Depression – Americans drew strength from each other. They had faith that tomorrow would be better than today.
                We’re grateful that they did. As we gather around the table, we pause to remember the pilgrims, pioneers, and patriots who helped make this country what it is. They faced impossible odds, and yet somehow, they persevered. Today, it’s our turn.
                I know that for many of you, this Thanksgiving is more difficult than most. But no matter how tough things are right now, we still give thanks for that most American of blessings, the chance to determine our own destiny. The problems we face didn’t develop overnight, and we won’t solve them overnight. But we will solve them. All it takes is for each of us to do our part.
                With all the partisanship and gridlock here in Washington, it’s easy to wonder if such unity is really possible. But think about what’s happening at this very moment: Americans from all walks of life are coming together as one people, grateful for the blessings of family, community, and country.
                If we keep that spirit alive, if we support each other, and look out for each other, and remember that we’re all in this together, then I know that we too will overcome the challenges of our time.
                So today, I’m thankful to serve as your President and Commander-and-Chief. I’m thankful that my daughters get to grow up in this great country of ours. And I’m thankful for the chance to do my part, as together, we make tomorrow better than today.
                Thanks, and have a wonderful Thanksgiving.
                美国历史4.jpg
                美国历史《我们的故事》番外篇01:奥巴马2011感恩节演讲【系美国历史:"五月花号"与感恩节的起源(上)】补充资料
                译文:在这举国上下都在过感恩节之际,我谨祝你们感恩节快乐。和千百万美国人一样,米切尔,玛丽雅,萨莎和我将共享盛宴,看一会儿橄榄球赛,回顾一下我们是何等幸运,真的幸运。
                作为美国人,我们每个人都有各自的一些要感谢的人和事。但我们也有几个共同的祝福。
                我们特别感谢那些在海外保卫我们国家的儿女们。 那些离在家万里的地方享受感恩节大餐的军人们:美国人民正在想念着你们。当你们回家时,我们打算一定要像你们服务美国一样服务你们。
                我们还要感谢那些在节日里抽时间到临时居住点服务,以保证他们的同胞们能吃上热饭和有地方住的人们。这种互相负责感――这种我是我兄弟的监护人、我是我姐妹的监护人的理想一直是使我们美国与众不同的东西之一。它也是感恩节传统得以持久的原因之一。
                感恩节2.jpg
                第一个感恩节是一个社区历尽千辛万苦之后的庆祝活动,从那时起我们一直遵循这个传统。即使是在国家命运风雨飘摇的时刻――南北战争、两次世界大战、大萧条――美国人民相互汲取力量。他们坚信明天会更美。
                我们感谢他们所做的一切。当我们围坐在餐桌时,我们会缅怀那些清教徒、先驱者和爱国者,是他们的推动才有了我们国家的今天。他们面对不可思议的艰难,然而他们坚持过来了。今天,轮到我们了。
                我知道对于你们中的很多人,这个感恩节比以往大多数都艰难。但是不管现在形势有多么艰难,我们依然感谢大多数美国人给我们的决定国家命运的机会。我们面对的各种问题不是一夜间形成的,也不会在一夜间解决。但我们一定能解决它们。它需要的就是我们每个人都做好自己的工作。
                当前华盛顿党派纷争严重,障碍重重,我们不由得担心这种统一还在吗。但是想想慈善此刻所发生的一切:各种出身的美国人作为一个统一的民族欢聚一堂,感谢家庭、社区和国家的赐福。
                如果我们弘扬这种精神,如果我们相互支持、相互关照,牢记我们就是这样相互依存,那么我相信我们同样能克服我们这个时代的各种挑战。
                今天,我对能成为你们的总统和总司令感激不尽。我对我的两个女儿能在这个伟大的国家茁壮成长感激不尽。我对能有机会发挥自己的作用,和大家一起,把明天建设得更好而感激不尽。
                谢谢,感恩节快乐。


                IP属地:海南来自iPhone客户端17楼2016-04-10 21:19
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