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英语语法重修贴

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所谓的坚持是一种美德,一楼便献给坚持。


IP属地:黑龙江1楼2017-07-19 17:29回复
    不知道是否有同感,虽然从小学开始就开始学英语,补课也投入很多时间,然而吾辈大炼金师却最终把英语炼成了日常无用、弃之可惜的废渣。
    曾经一脸懵逼的看着那些音标,曾经看着黑板的一行行语法不知所措,曾经也对着乱七八糟的试卷只凭第六感,蒙对不少却不知其所以然。
    有时候也会怀疑,为什么要学这些可能一辈子都用不上的东西,从入门到大学时光我都没相同这个问题,现在我已经找到我的答案了,以坚持为名,梳理一下当年那些令人蛋疼的语法。
    英语作为语言,跟语文其实没太差差别,词为血肉,语法为骨。本人愚钝,只善专注一事,所以就从语法开始吧。
    词不达意,不定期更新,忘与君共勉。


    IP属地:黑龙江2楼2017-07-19 17:42
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      说起英语句子,有三个词大家肯定都很熟悉:主语subject、谓语动词verb、宾语object。
      和汉语一样,一个句子必备主语和谓语。
      举个栗子for example: I love you. i(subject) love(verb) you(object)
      而祈使句这种句式省略主语 such as: Work hard ===(You should ) work hard.
      否定: 动词verb前加 don't Don't work hard.


      IP属地:黑龙江3楼2017-07-19 17:56
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        对于主语来说,有这样几种形式可做主语(作为本能,了解即可):
        名词(人或物):Harry is apt to rell lies。 哈利 喜欢 说谎。
        Gold is of much value.
        代词(he she it):It is interesting to climb mountains. 爬山是很有意思的。
        划重点:动名词做主语VS不定式做主语
        因为在英语中动词是不可以做主语的,也可以理解为不可以放在句首,所以说要在动词后加ing才可以做主语使用,也就是当年所谓的动名词,要和现在进行时加ing相区别。
        For example:Seeing(动名词做主语) her makes me happy.
        用动名词做主语表示已知的事实或经验。
        也可以用to do(不定式)做主语 表示意愿或未完成的事。
        For example:To study abroad is my desire.


        IP属地:黑龙江4楼2017-07-19 18:14
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          关于不定式与动名词做主语有时候会出现一点问题,就是主语过长显得很累赘,这样就到了以前老师教过的一大串句子等式。
          For example:Listening to music makes me happy.===It makes me happy to listen to music.
          注意动名词转换的时候最好变为不定式(to do)
          To study abroad is my desire.===It is my desire to study abroad.
          在这里增加it 作为主语 也就是所谓的形式主语,然后调整句子 听音乐使我快乐,这使我快乐去听音乐。 大概就是这样


          IP属地:黑龙江7楼2017-07-19 18:25
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            Ladies and gentlemen, It’s my pleasure tolearn English grammar with you.
            tape-recorder录音机 preside over a meeting 主持 做主席


            IP属地:黑龙江10楼2017-07-19 20:58
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              划重点各位:
              初学时经常会犯一个错误 比如说她不喜欢我让我很生气 She doesn't like me makes me angry. XXX
              请注意 这是一个错误的演示
              就像动词不能做主语一样,一个完整的句子也不能做主语,例如错误示例的她不喜欢我
              但是 我们只需要在完整句子前加That 变成 传说中的从句就可以了。
              正确演示:That she doesn't like me makes me angry.


              IP属地:黑龙江12楼2017-07-19 21:34
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                名词从句常见有三种,喜闻乐见的that whether 以及疑问词引导从句
                that 引导加完整句子(位置为句子主语前)
                For example:That he doesn't believe my words.
                whether引导可用yes no 回答的问句,以下为示例whether后依然接完整句子,以下为示例:
                be动词:Is she happy? whether she is happy.
                助动词(can、will、may、should、ought to、must、 have)
                Has he done it? whether he has done it.
                划重点 do did does变化需去掉 后动词变时态
                Does she like it? whether she likes it.
                whether she (does去掉) likes(表第三人称单数形式)it.


                IP属地:黑龙江13楼2017-07-19 22:00
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                  疑问词从句 依然是疑问词接完整句子
                  有be动词 同上 What is he doing? what he is doing.
                  do does did 助动词 与上相似
                  What did she write? What she wrote.
                  what she (did去掉) wrote(write过去式).
                  要把问句变从句总共分三步:第一步,把疑问词后内容变句子 (she did write)
                  第二步,把did去掉
                  第三步,注意时态以及第三人称单数,该变变不解释,write——wrote


                  IP属地:黑龙江14楼2017-07-19 22:11
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                    以上所说的都是that whether 疑问词后加完整句子的变化
                    还有一种形式是who、what、which 在问句做主语时无变化
                    For example:who came here======who came here


                    IP属地:黑龙江15楼2017-07-19 22:14
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                      知识点
                      还记得初中时候做从句选择题有whether就基本不选that么
                      因为that从句不可做介词的宾语,而whether或疑问词从句可以
                      举个栗子:I am worried about(介词 prep.) whether he can do it(从句作宾语).
                      I am suspecious(怀疑) of how he‘ll cope with the problem(应付问题).
                      坏的栗子:I am sure of(介词)that the team has won the game.(taht从句做宾语)错误XXX


                      IP属地:黑龙江18楼2017-07-20 17:55
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                        介词可加that从句的变化形式:
                        介词+the fact +that
                        I am sure of(介词) the fact(代替从句作宾语)that the team has won the game(同位语).
                        理解一下所谓的宾语和同位语
                        我 确信 这个 事实(事实为宾语,就像 她不爱我 中的我一样),事实是什么 (事实就是,这个队赢了,这就是所谓的同位语)
                        第二种变化
                        举个栗子:I am worried about(介词) that(去掉) he(变为所有格) plays(变动名词) around all day.初始形态
                        变身:i am worried about(prep.) about his playing around all day.
                        有 do did does 直接去掉
                        i am worried about that(去掉) she(所有格) doesn’t(去掉do) study(变动名词).
                        i am worried about her not studying.
                        will(would) 要变为be going to
                        栗子;I am sure of that(去掉) the team(所有格) will(be变动名词being going to) win the game.
                        I am sure of the team's being going to win the game.
                        从句中may变为 be likely to
                        can 变为 be able to
                        should /must变为 be supposed to 再把be 变为being
                        正确栗子:I am happy about his being likely to come.


                        IP属地:黑龙江19楼2017-07-20 18:21
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                          be + adj. +that 从句(做副词从句修饰形容词,从翻译上来熟悉修饰关系)
                          I am worried that he plays around all day.
                          i am sure of(去掉 sure为形容词) that the team has won the game.
                          i am sure that the team has won the game.
                          一些固定搭配直接加that
                          in that=because 因为
                          except that 只可惜
                          for all that=with all that= not withstanding that尽管


                          IP属地:黑龙江20楼2017-07-20 18:32
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                            名词短语做主语
                            疑问副词(副词不能做及物动词宾语)
                            where to live whether to try again
                            when to talk to him how to do it
                            疑问代词(代词具名词性质,必做动词或介词宾语)
                            what to do whom to see
                            which to buy whom to talk to
                            宾语相当于 我爱你中的你 意思自行体会


                            IP属地:黑龙江21楼2017-07-20 18:40
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                              插个题外话,说起语法就不得不牵扯到另一个词语感
                              看见一个选择题,本能的选出了正确答案,却说不清楚为什么这么选,其实也没什么可说的,只是见得多了,知道这样是对的,别的都不通顺,就这样


                              IP属地:黑龙江来自iPhone客户端22楼2017-07-20 20:59
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